How we calculate

Every number in FeeDrag is derived from these formulas. No black boxes.

What is fee drag?

Fee drag is the difference between what your portfolio could grow to (with zero fees) versus what it actually grows to after broker commissions, ETF expense ratios, FX conversion fees, and custody charges compound against you over time.

Because investment returns compound, fees compound too — in the wrong direction. A 0.5% annual drag on a 20-year DCA portfolio isn't 0.5% × 20 = 10%. Due to compounding, it's closer to 8–12% of your final portfolio value.

Step 1 — Effective monthly contribution

effectiveC = monthly × (1 - fxFee) - commission

where commission:
  fixed broker:      commission = €X per trade
  % broker:          commission = max(monthly × commissionPct, minimum)
  zero-commission:   commission = 0

FX fee applies when your account base currency differs from the ETF's trading currency. VWCE and CSPX trade in USD on Euronext — if your account is EUR, the broker converts on each purchase.

Step 2 — Annual drag rate

annualDrag = TER + custodyFeePct

TER        = ETF Total Expense Ratio (deducted from fund NAV daily)
custodyFee = broker annual custody charge (if any)

Transaction costs (commission + FX) are already deducted from the effective monthly contribution above, so they are not double-counted here.

Step 3 — Future value (DCA)

netMonthlyRate = (annualReturn - annualDrag) / 12
months        = years × 12

FV = effectiveC × [((1 + netMonthlyRate)^months - 1) / netMonthlyRate]

This is the standard DCA future value formula with the drag rate subtracted from the gross return before compounding.

Step 4 — No-fee baseline

FV_baseline = monthly × [((1 + annualReturn/12)^months - 1) / (annualReturn/12)]

This is what your portfolio would be worth if every euro contributed grew at the full assumed return with zero costs. We use it as the reference point for all fee drag calculations.

Step 5 — Fee drag

feeDrag = FV_baseline - FV_scenario

Positive values mean fees reduced your final portfolio. Negative values cannot occur — we clamp to zero.

Three scenarios

1. Current Setup

Your current broker profile + current ETF TER, applied to all future contributions.

2. New Contributions Only (Recommended)

Your existing portfolio stays untouched. Only new monthly contributions are routed through the lower-cost setup. This removes the need to sell and rebuy — and the tax event that comes with it.

3. Full Switch

All future contributions use the lower-cost broker and ETF. We do not model migration of existing holdings — consult a tax advisor before switching.

Assumptions & limitations

  • Returns are assumed constant at the user-specified rate (default 7%)
  • Monthly DCA (1 trade per month)
  • No tax events (accumulating ETFs in a taxable account may differ by country)
  • No rebalancing costs
  • All broker fees are manually verified — see source links on each result
  • Results are educational estimates, not financial advice
⚠ All calculations are educational estimates only. Past returns do not guarantee future results. This tool does not constitute financial advice. Consult a qualified financial advisor before making investment decisions.